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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction A ramp for wheelchairs is an important aid to help the person you love independently at home. If they are not designed properly they can be dangerous to use. ADA regulations require landings to be level at every shift in direction to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users. Design The ramp's design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards so that wheelchairs are able to navigate the structure easily. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings have to be level at any change in direction or shift on the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed out of treated lumber that is more robust and withstands rain better than untreated lumber. The top and bottom of the ramp must be free of obstacles such as trees, bushes or other structures that could hinder the safe passage of the ramp's user. Additionally, the surface of the ramp must be hard and non-slip. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface. Make use of treated lumber that is at least four inches in width for the frame of the ramp. To make sure the ramp is secure, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend beyond ground level. The posts should be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This kind of connection is recommended because it decreases the chance of a ramp operator falling off the side of the ramp. Then, build the ramp's frame using joists that are at most 16 inches long and beams of 2 by 4 inches. The joists must be at least 18 inches above ground and secured using joist hangings, which are nails that fit inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer. Install an upper landing close to the doorway to enable people with disabilities to navigate the doorswing with ease. The landing should be enough to allow at least 12-24 inches of “elbow space” on the handle side of out-swing doors. For doors with in-swing, the landing must be at least 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and the person in wheelchair who has to move backwards through the doorway. Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having their brakes on corners. Adding a level landing also allows you to move the ramp away from the way when needed, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can go under it. Materials Aluminium, concrete, or wood can be used to construct a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installation service can help you decide the best option for your home or business. It is important to consider your individual needs and budget when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should be easy to maintain and must be safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be covered with a non-slip surface. Be sure to check with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing any materials. Also, make certain to follow the local building codes. Using the incorrect materials or construction techniques could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most current information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office library or online. Wood ramps can be the least expensive option for ADA ramp materials. However they need more maintenance. The surface of wood ramps need to be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid rot and warping. Wood can split, which can be especially hazardous for wheelchair users. Wood ramps can also need additional support in order to ensure the structure is maintained. Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting however they can be costly. They are also heavy, which requires more effort to install and makes moving the ramp once it's no longer required difficult. Concrete ramps can withstand the weight of heavy power wheelchairs. Aluminum ramps weigh less than concrete or steel, but they have the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than steel or iron which makes them a great option for those with a tight budget. Aluminum is environmentally friendly because it is a part of the Earth's crust naturally and is able to be recycled. The ramp's upper landing should be in a level area or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to move over the ramp without becoming stuck. foldable ramp for wheelchair www.mymobilityscooters.uk with gaps greater than this do not comply with ADA standards. You should also ensure that the ramp moves smoothly between the upper landing and the ground surface. The ramp's last section should be curved to prevent wheelchairs from stopping abruptly when entering or leaving a house. Installation A ramp for wheelchairs is an inclined plane that is used on top of or in place of stairs. It allows wheelchair users and people who use strollers or carts to navigate areas that would otherwise be difficult to access, such as a front door or a set of sloping steps. There are a variety of factors to consider when selecting a ramp for wheelchairs that should be considered, including the location, height and cost. A ramp should be located close to the door as it is possible to prevent unnecessary journeys. It should be set at an angle that is easy to use by the person using it. It should also be properly fixed to the ground and free of obstructions, such as shrubbery or parked cars. ADA regulations require ramps to have handrails either side. The rails must be at 36 inches apart and have a gripping surface that is rounded or smooth. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches beyond the ramp. Handrails must be continuous if a ramp is designed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout. The length of a ramp varies on the incline, however there are several common ramp types that can be used in all situations. A threshold ramp, for example, sits flush against the lip of the curb or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are on the other hand they can be moved to a new place and come in various sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be constructed on-site. These ramps are commonly employed in public or commercial areas and are typically longer. Contact your city's construction department to determine the need for a permit for an enduring ramp. Also, you should consult a mobility specialist about the kind of ramp that will work best for your needs and space. In some cases, installing an ongoing ramp could boost the value of your home. Maintenance It is essential to ensure that your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if are going to use it often. You'll need to perform regular inspections and repair any structural problems as they arise. This will ensure that the ramp complies all ADA requirements and is safe for the users. Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is required to remove debris and dirt that may block access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also stop moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and leading to the onset of rot. Preservatives and stains for wood can only be effective when the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned before application. Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other types of ramps, since they are more likely to experience wear and tear. The most important thing is to ensure that you have the right tools for the job. A good set of gauge spanners and screwdrivers are vital to ensure that all fixings are tight and secure. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to ensure they are in good shape and do not show signs of damage or corrosion. It's possible that, over time, as they are used repeatedly and use, the fittings and bolts that secure the handrails may loosen and cause a major safety concern for people who use the ramp. Another important factor is ensuring the ramp's surface has enough grip, especially in winter when conditions can be challenging. You will need to sweep off any leaves, dirt or other debris that could obstruct and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply an ice melt that is not corrosive to the ramp's surface before winter arrives to prevent slips and injury. If you're planning to use your ramp during winter months, you should consider purchasing traction wheels or “snow tires” for your wheelchair. These wheels are made to better track on snowy surfaces and uneven surfaces. They will help you stay on your ramp more effectively than standard wheelchair tires. Alternatively, you can place heating pads or tape along the ramp's surface to help melt ice and snow before it accumulates.